This paper considers the long-term effects of smoking on disability retirement. Exploiting population-wide registry …, thus shedding some light on the biological mechanisms linking smoking to disability retirement. We demonstrate a strong … association between smoking and disability retirement. Among individuals aged 50-64, smokers have a six percentage point higher …

smoke relative to boys, even after we control for parental, sibling, and peer smoking. Importantly, we uncover similar … patterns when analyzing other risky behaviors such as drinking or smoking marijuana. This reinforces the idea that more gender …-equal social norms may come at an extra cost to women's health, as they increasingly engage in risky behaviors (beyond smoking …

This paper investigates the impact of the public smoking ban which came into effect in Italy on January 2005 on … individual smoking behaviour. Current empirical evidence supports the existence of a negative effect of the Italian ban on … smoking prevalence and consumption in the general population. This is in contrast to what has been found in some other …