The authors explain why central counterparties (CCPs) emerged historically. With standardized contracts, it is optimal to insure counterparty risk by clearing those contracts through a CCP that uses novation and mutualization. As netting is not essential for these services, it does not explain...

Remarks at the 2013 OTC Derivatives Conference, Paris, France.

Remarks at 2013 Resolution Conference: Planning for the Orderly Resolution of a Global Systemically Important Bank, Washington, D.C.

Remarks at the Harvard Law School's Symposium on Building the Financial System of the 21st Century, Armonk, New York.

Remarks at the 2013 OTC Derivatives Conference, Paris, France.

Remarks at 2013 Resolution Conference: Planning for the Orderly Resolution of a Global Systemically Important Bank, Washington, D.C.