In this paper fractionally integrated ARIMA (ARFIMA) models are estimated using an extended version of Nelson and Plosser’s (1982) dataset. The analysis employs Sowell’s (1992) maximum likelihood procedure. Such a parametric approach requires the model to be correctly specified in order for...

The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyse the revenue-expenditure models of public finance by considering the possibility of non-linear and asymmetric adjustment. A long-run relationship between general government expenditure and revenues is identified for Italy.Following system-wide...

The Article considers the specification of models used to test Purchasing Power Parity when applied to cross exchange rates. Specifically,conventional dynamic models used to test stationarity of the real exchange rate are likely to be misspecified, except when the parameters of each exchange...

The paper focuses on the organization of institutions designed to resolve disputes between two parties, when some information is not veri…able and decision makers may have vested preferences. It shows that the choice of how much discretional power to grant to the decision maker and who...

We provide a new rationale for commercial activities by non-profit organizations whose primary concern is to supply mission output. We show that investment in commercial activity may be used to insure mission output against the uncertainty of donations, though possibly at the cost of lower...

This paper examines the impact of firms’ risk on executives’ decisions to exercise their executive stock options (ESOs). As the proportion of executives’ remuneration linked to the value of their firm (and therefore shareholder wealth) has increased, so the extent to which these executives...

“Multiple avenues of intermediation” (Greenspan 2000) suggest substitutability of corporate loan and bond finance which smooths external financing flows. Holmstrom and Tirole (1997) stress complementarity; for most firms bank finance and consequent monitoring is essential for bond finance....