The FDA is responsible for the approval of new drugs, biological products and medical devices in the United States. As part of the approval process, the FDA relies on advisory committees, which provide independent advice from outside experts. We combine a structural approach with newly collected...

Operation Warp Speed (OWS) was a U.S. government-led program to accelerate the development, production, and administration of COVID-19 vaccines. The program cut the typical ten-year timeline needed to develop a new vaccine down to ten months and began vaccinating vulnerable populations within a...

Introduction: The World Health Report 2006 defined 'availability', 'competence', 'responsiveness' and 'productivity' as the key dimensions of the health workforce (HWF) performance framework. Since then, new goals have been set to address population health needs by optimizing HWF performance and...

This paper documents an important unintended consequence of expanding contraceptive access; namely that it creates positive selection in the health of the children being born. I use a family planning intervention which gave thousands of long-acting reversible contraceptives to reproductive-age...

The pandemic has stimulated growing interest in using advanced practice nurses such as Nurse Practitioners (NPs) to address growing primary care needs linked to population ageing and more people living with chronic conditions, although not all countries are moving at the same speed. This OECD...

Unmet healthcare needs refer to the situation when individuals fail to use healthcare services identified as a necessity to avoid any health consequences. The COVID-19 pandemic imposed additional challenges for older persons in addressing their healthcare needs, especially in the context of...

The law is now firmly established as a powerful instrument of public health. Some of the most important public health victories in the United States in the past century - declining lead exposure, reduced rates of smoking, improvements in workplace and motor vehicle safety, and increased...