Globalization, high growth rates in high-tech industries, growing emerging markets and harmonization of patent institutions across countries have stimulated patenting in foreign markets. We use a simple model of international patenting, where the decision to patent in a foreign country depends...

A common coinage policy in the Middle Ages was ‘periodic recoinageʼ. Old coins were declared invalid and had to be exchanged for new ones at a priori known exchange fees and dates. This convention was a type of monetary taxation of local trade and inhabitants. Periodic recoinage was the...

Renovatio Monetae, myntförnyelse, är ett latinskt uttryck som syftar på periodiska myntindragningar där gamla mynt förklarades ogiltiga och ersattes med nya. Myntindragningarna gav viktiga intäkter för den medeltida myntherren och de kunde ske så ofta som varje halvår. Vid dessa...

Swedish Abstract: Om EU ska behålla sin konkurrenskraft och tillväxt krävs extraordinära åtgärder inom framförallt innovation och teknologiutveckling. Jag har identifierat fyra områden där åtgärder är nödvändiga: statligt finansierad FoU i näringslivet, statliga innovationsstöd,...

This paper analyzes the simultaneous relationship between R&D and foreign sales in Swedish multinational enterprises (MNEs). We argue that this two-way relationship should especially apply to multinationals based in small economies due to the firms’ high dependence on foreign markets. The only...

Inventors generally know more about their inventions than what is written down in patent applications. Because they possess this tacit knowledge, inventors may need to play an active role when patents are commercialized. We build on Arora (1995) and model firm-inventor cooperation in the...