There is evidence of a long-term rise in the prevalence of adolescent emotional problems in the UK and in other countries. The aim of this study was to test whether time trends in parents' emotional difficulties contributed to these increases using data from two national surveys of English...

The past half-century has seen significant changes in family life, including an increase in parental divorce, increases in the numbers of lone parent and stepfamilies, changes in socioeconomic well being, and a decrease in family size. Evidence also shows substantial time trends in adolescent...

This article describes the implementation of a double-robust estimator for pretest-posttest studies (Lunceford and Davidian, 2004, Statistics in Medicine 23: 2937-2960) and presents a new Stata command (dr) that carries out the procedure. A double-robust estimator gives the analyst two...

We examined the psychiatric and forensic histories of 13 individuals whose first officially recorded criminal conviction took place after their 22nd birthday, and compared the levels of disturbance among that group with those from the same high-risk sample who had (a) no recorded convictions,...

We describe the principles of counterfactual thinking in providing more precise definitions of causal effects and some of the implications of this work for the way in which causal questions in life course research are framed and evidence evaluated. Terminology is explained and examples of common...