Trade, agricultural production and the corresponding environmental outcomes are interdependent. First, we illustrate this interdependence analytically and show that the direction of the relationship between trade and environmental outcomes is theoretically ambiguous. Next, we empirically examine...

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer use in agricultural production is a significant determinant of surface water quality. As climate changes, agricultural producers are likely to adapt at extensive and intensive margins in terms of land and per acre input use, including fertilizers. These changes can affect...