Many countries, especially developing nations, concentrate on protecting domestic producers by encouraging production of import substitutes and import competing goods. Such a development strategy, coupled with high import duty, target to avoid competition from cheap foreign products and the...

We use comprehensive firm-level data to estimate the responses of heterogeneous Canadian retail firms to real exchange rate movements. Our analysis focuses on a period characterized by large fluctuations in the Canadian dollar, providing an opportunity to quantify both intensive and extensive...

This paper analyzes the determinants of small and medium-sized enterprises’ technology adoption in the retail trade industry. From the theoretical perspective, two types of influential factors are differentiated in this respect: the personal characteristics of the manager/business owner and...

Liberalization is widely recognized to drive productivity growth. Retail trade is often thought to substantially contribute to the frequently debated productivity gap between Europe and the U.S. In Europe, entry regulations empower local authorities to decide on the entry of new stores. We use a...

Este trabajo se plantea como objetivo el análisis de la influencia que los recursos y capacidades de las empresas del sector de la distribución en España tienen para explicar la eficiencia productiva como medida de desempeño en el período 1997-2006 para un total de 42 sectores de actividad...

The objective of this work is the analysis of the influence that the resources and capabilities of companies in the distribution sector in Spain has to explain productive efficiency as a performance measure (in the period 1997-2006, for a total of 42 sectors of activity a 4-digit NACE). It also...

We study competing vertical chains where upstream and downstream firms bargain over their form and terms of trading. Both (conditionally) inefficient wholesale price contracts and efficient contracts that take the form of price-quantity bundles (and not of two-tariffs) arise in equilibrium under...

This article describes the ways in which cotton goods were commercialised during the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth. Several national cases are analysed: Britain, as the Workshop of the World; France, Germany, Switzerland and the US, as core economies; and Italy and Spain...

This article studies, from an agency perspective, the factors that explain the franchisor decision to integrate versus franchise its outlets. The analysis of a sample of Spanish franchise networks shows that franchising is more likely when: a) the costs of inefficient risk allocation between...