This article starts from the premise that institutional arrangements have a strong influence on economic growth. It takes the case study of London and shows how the major shifts in the governance of London have altered the context within which decisions are made, using the example of urban...

The position of a city in any hierarchy of world importance is not a static phenomenon. This paper takes the example of Tokyo and explores its interaction with the dramatic economic and political events in Japan over the past 20 years. Although Tokyo is widely regarded as one of the top three...

The government of London has fragmented. Numerous quangos have taken over urban policy and planning roles. Recently further bodies have arisen in response to the government's urban expenditure competitions. This fragmentation has been accompanied by increasing centralisation, achieved through...

This Handbook offers an unrivalled overview of current research into how globalization is affecting the external relations and internal structures of major cities in the world.