To date, government procurement has been effectively carved out of the main multilateral rules of the WTO system. This paper examines the systemic and other ramifications of this exclusion, from both an economic and a legal point of view. In addition to relevant elements of the WTO Agreements,...

The study analyses bureaucratic capacity in Brazil's and Argentina's federal governments by applying the concept of state capacity. To capture the capacity civil servants the study investigated dimensions such as professionalization, qualification, promotion rules, and recruitment mechanisms for...

Rwanda and Burundi have both emerged from civil wars over the past 20 years and foreign donors have provided significant contributions to post-conflict reconstruction and development in the two countries. Yet although Rwanda and Burundi share several important characteristics, the social,...

We investigate the accuracy of ex ante assessments of vulnerability to income poverty using cross-sectional data and panel data. We use long-term panel data from Germany and apply different regression models, based on household covariates and previous-year equivalence income, to classify a...

We investigate the accuracy of ex ante assessments of vulnerability to poverty using cross-sectional data and panel data. We use long-term panel data from Germany and apply different regression models, based on household covariates and previous-year equivalence income, to classify a household as...

This paper presents a methodology to estimate a Social Accounting Matrix for Brazil in 2006 that separates between formal and informal sectors. The goal of this study is to estimate and to analyze the Social Accounting Matrix for Brazil in 2006. The shares of output by informal and formal...

This paper estimates an earnings function for Sri Lanka, followed by a decomposition analysis of male-female earnings suggest that the gender disparity in earnings largely represents 'discrimination' against women. The findings showed that irrespective of their 'inferior' labour market...

This paper investigates the costs and benefits of reversing the brain drain from a developing country by calling back its expatriates from abroad. I employ a life cycle model with 2 countries, one poor and one rich, with migration and return migration from and to the poor country. The cost of...

Which structural reforms affect the speed the regional convergence within a country? We found that domestic financial development, trade/current account openness, better institutional infrastructure, and selected labor market reforms facilitate regional convergence. However, these reforms have...

Sheltering for the urban poor of developing countries, like Indonesia, has been facing problems. Slums, characterised by crowded, unhealthy environment, poor quality buildings, and lacking public facilities and infrastructure have been of much concern. Around 24-62% of urban population in...