This paper re-examines the classic demographic or 'real' model, essentially based on a Malthusian-Ricardian model, that the late Michael Postan (Cambridge) utilized to explain the behaviour of the later-medieval western European economy, and in particular the behaviour of price movements. In...

This paper offers a thesis for why the US overtook the UK and other European countries in the 20th century in both aggregate and per capita GDP as a case study of recent models of endogenous growth, where "human capital" is the engine of growth. By human capital we mean an intangible asset, best...

This paper offers a thesis for why the United States (US) overtook the United Kingdom (UK) and other European countries in the 20th century in both aggregate and per capita GDP as a case study of recent models of endogenous growth, where "human capital" is the engine of growth. By human capital...

During the period 2000-2017, the Mexican economy was characterized by favourable results at the macroeconomic level. Among other factors of good performance, GDP increased from US$707.9 billion to US$1224 billion. However, growth was uneven within the country and there were large gaps between...

Between 2000 and 2017, Chile presented a great economic performance, with an average GDP growth of 3.87%. Nevertheless, Chile has confronted a great number of conflicts, reaching its peak of tension in the 2006 “Revolución de los Pinguinos” and the protests against the private pension...

Between 2000 and 2017, Peru experienced significant macroeconomic progress, growing at an average annual rate of 4.3%. Despite improvements in GDP, income and employment, the Peruvian Ombudsman Office reported a sharp increase in social conflicts, which mainly had a socioenvironmental origin....

The economic crisis of 2001-2002 in Argentina caused a large increase in unemployment. Policy responses have been imperfect. This paper discusses the roots and character of the crisis, the policies implemented to address the resulting social situation, and the quality of early warning indicators...

In this paper, we address the issue of how education affected income inequality in twentieth-century Africa. Three channels are identified through which education may affect income inequality. First, an increase in the average educational level is correlated with an increase in average income,...