In this paper I investigate the relationships between wage adjustment, competitiveness, and aggregate fluctuations in … is on the supply side. Competitiveness is defined as the relative price of traded to nontraded goods. The model can … account quite well for fluctuations in UK competitiveness, output, wages and the terms of trade, and is used to examine the …

A theoretical model is reviewed and used to evaluate the effects of currency devaluation or revaluation on production …, consumption, trade, and price in both exporting and importing countries. The model is applied to the effects of devaluation on the … agricultural sector, when supply and demand are inelastic. Based on the analysis, devaluation will have only a small impact on …

determinant, stability, and duration of competitiveness in the global palm oil trade involving countries worldwide. This research … results showed that palm oil supply in the global market is centralized with distributed demand. The competitiveness of palm … globally. The positive factors that determine the competitiveness in the global palm oil trade are population and import of …