When evaluating poverty, the relative poverty line may be considered as a percentage of the median income or it may be a percentage of the average income. It is proved that, with a poverty line relative to the median income, reducing poverty may become less costly in proportion to the total...

We examine the consistency of the Ghosh supply-driven input-output model (SM) by respect to the traditional Leontief demand-driven input-output model (LM); the variants considered are: primal and dual, quantity and value; input prices are not considered. SM offers solutions of limited interest,...

The Talmud Division is a very old method of sharing developed by the rabbis in the Talmud and brought to the fore in the modern area some authors, among them are Aumann and Maschler. One compares the Talmud Division to other methods, mainly here the most popular, Aristotle’s Proportional...

Using France as our main example, we show there is a much scope for improving the SCImago ranking. We detect problems of nomenclature, double affiliation, aggregation and of bias toward large public-funded research organizations. The output per scholar is more important than the output per...

To foster competition the French government authorized a fourth operator, 'Free', to enter the country's mobile phone market at the end of 2009 alongside Orange, SFR and Bouygues Telecom (BT), who held, respectively, one-half, one-third and one-sixth of the market. By using a stylized model of...