This paper investigates the sequence of trade liberalization in postwar Japan and its determinants. As the Japanese government utilized the foreign exchange allocation system as a tool for the industrial policy, especially for protecting domestic industries, in the 1950s, trade liberalization...

In this paper, we explore the structure and implications of interbank networks in prewar Japan, focusing on director interlocking. We find that approximately half the banks had at least one connection with another bank through director interlocking, and that a bank that had connections with...

After WWI, the Japanese economy experienced a structural change characterized by the emergence of large firms and increased numbers of white-collar workers. This paper explores how the human capital of white-collar workers was formed, using micro personnel data from Mitsubishi zaibatsu (business...

This paper explores the flow of funds inside Mitsubishi Bank during the Second World War, focusing on the impacts of acquisition of Daihyaku Bank in 1943 and the Designated Financial Institution System in 1944. Acquisition of Daihyaku Bank substantially expanded the branch network of Mitsubishi...

This paper addresses a fundamental question on corporate governance, "What did corporate executives, outside directors and large shareholders really do ?" Although this question is essential, it has not been fully addressed in the literature, basically due to the constraint of relevant...

This paper presents the intra-firm trade network in Mitsubishi Corporation (Mitsubishi Shoji) in the 1920s. In this period, Mitsubishi Co. established a global branch network to expand trades. Using original documents of Mitsubishi Co., we obtained the data on the trade flow between every pair...

Japan's rise from the ashes of defeat in the Second World War to its position now as one of the world's foremost economies has long been recognized as one of the most startling turnarounds of the 20th Century. With economic reform again at the top of the global agenda with the fall of the Soviet...

In this paper, we explore the structure and implications of interbank networks in prewar Japan, focusing on director interlocking. We find that approximately half the banks had at least one connection with another bank through director interlocking, and that a bank that had connections with...

This paper explores the flow of funds inside Mitsubishi Bank during the Second World War, focusing on the impacts of acquisition of Daihyaku Bank in 1943 and the Designated Financial Institution System in 1944. Acquisition of Daihyaku Bank substantially expanded the branch network of Mitsubishi...