In this Paper, we show that with international externalities, different country sizes, imperfect competition and trade costs, tax competition for mobile firms is efficiency enhancing with respect to the free market outcome. Nonetheless, while the latter entails too many firms in the larger...

The global pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI) is quite similar to the world trade pattern. In particular, intra-industry FDI between rich nations is almost as pervasive as intra-industry trade among rich nations. In the ‘standard’ multinational corporation (MNC) model (of Markusen,...

We introduce incomplete outsourcing contracts in an otherwise standard model of MNEs based on the trade-off between proximity and concentration. This has implications for the choice between export and FDI and the way this is affected by the distance between source and host countries. In...

We study the decision of firms between vertical integration and outsourcing in a dynamic setting with product innovation. In so doing, we model an industry in which R&D is performed by independent research labs and outsourcing production requires complementary upstream and downstream inventions....

This paper constructs a model of endogenous growth and endogenous industry location where the two interact. We show that with global spillovers in R&D, a high growth rate and a high level of transaction costs are associated with relocation of the newly created firms to the South (the location...

We use a spatial model of endogenous growth to investigate the likely impact of discriminatory integration among two advanced insider countries on their own welfare as well as on the welfare of an outsider transition economy. A first point is that, since convergence in per capita income levels...

The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, we present a model of agglomeration and trade that displays the main features of the recent economic geography literature, while allowing for the derivation of analytical results by means of simple algebra. Second, we show how this framework can be...

This review of recent contributions reveals common conclusions about the effects of integration on location. For high trade costs the need to supply markets locally encourages firms to spread across different regions. Integration weakens the incentives for self-sufficiency and for intermediate...

Returns to scale to capital and the strength of capital externalities play a key role for the empirical predictions and policy implications of different growth theories. We show that both can be identified with individual wage data and implement our approach at the city-level using US Census...

In this Paper we estimate the dynamic relationship between resources used in R&D by some OECD countries and their innovation output as measured by patent applications. We first estimate a long-run cointegration relation using recently developed tests and panel estimation techniques. We find that...