If we accept that the concept of corruption is influenced by culture and personal values then, we should ask: 1) what are the individual characteristics that shape corruption perception? 2) how important is the incidence of the country of residence in determining it? and 3) is there a...

In this paper we investigate some factors shaping individual support for protectionism that have not been studied previously. We examine a heterogeneous sample of thirty countries which includes both small and large and developed and developing countries using data from the 2003 International...

The concept of corruption varies widely depending on societies and people. We expect that context influences on corruption perception. Previous studies shed light on the incidence of individual characteristics on the perceived level of corruption and show the effect of country of residence. In...

There is not general consensus about if women are more or less generous than men. Although the number of papers supporting more generous females is a bit larger than the opposed it is not possible to establish any definitive and systematic gender bias. This paper provides new evidence on this...

This paper assesses the willingness to justify illegal actions and whether this attitude has changed between 1995 and 2005. Our dataset are 1995 and 2005 waves of World Values Survey. Permissiveness or the willingness to justify illegal actions is a cultural phenomenon that can be defined in...

This paper presents the results of the Role of Government Survey conducted by the Department of Economics (FCS-UDELAR) under the Project of the International Social Survey Program, supported by the Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (CSIC) and the Asociación Cristiana de...

Gender refers to the kind of behaviour that people expects about different persons according to their sex. Hence, it is a socially constructed and learned concept that defines what men and women should and should not do in the context of a defined time and society, and by means of socially...

This paper examines the foundations of attitudes towards immigrants by focusing on individual characteristics and country-specific effects. We use a micro-level data set from 31 countries. In particular, we utilize the module on National Identity of the 2003 International Social Survey Program...

This papers aims at dimensioning the level of tolerance and its determinants. For doing so, we construct maps that describe world reserves of tolerance and we consider four basic dimensions: ethnic, religion, homosexuality and lesbianism and immigrants. Keeping in mind that individual perception...

In 2004, Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index ranks Uruguay at 28, seven positions higher than in 2001, scores changed from 5.1 to 6.2 (a higher score means less perceived corruption). In addition, there were no relevant corruption scandals in that period. Hence, we should...