This paper examines the nature of gender bias in tax systems. Gender bias takes both explicit and implicit forms …. Explicit gender bias is found in many personal income tax systems. Several countries, especially those in Western Europe, have … undertaken to eliminate explicit gender bias in recent years. It is more difficult to identify implicit gender bias, since this …

including gender considerations in budget programs and policies. Other arguments have a weaker economic basis but may be more … socially or politically compelling. The experience to date with ""gender budgeting,"" which entails looking at gender issues … comprehensively within the budget, has been mixed. To become more useful, gender budgeting should be integrated into budget processes …

This survey examines the implications of gender differences in economic behavior for macroeconomic policy. It finds … that reducing gender inequality and improving the status of women may contribute to higher rates of economic growth and …. Macroeconomic policies should take into account the benefits of reducing gender inequalities, especially in the lowest …

examine cross-party differences. -- Pay for politicians ; candidate selection ; gender differences in politics …