This paper aim at examining the dispersion of intra and inter-regional of principal labor earnings of the Metropolitan Regions (MR) and Non-Metropolitan Regions (NMR) of the States of Bahia, Cear√°, Minas Gerais, Par√°, Paran√°, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do...

To account for differences among rural and urban regions, the OECD has established a regional typology, classifying TL3 regions as predominantly urban (PU), intermediate (IN) or predominantly rural (PR). This typology has proved to be meaningful to better explain regional differences in economic...

China has been experiencing urbanization at an unprecedented rate over the last two decades. This study analyzes the impact of urbanization on land occupation. Cities are clustered by their functions and development stages, which is illustrated by a cluster tree, a dynamic tree that depicts the...

In this paper the growing importance of water management, and thus the role of district water boards, in spatial planning is emphasized. First of all, due to the climate change rainfall will be more severe in relative short periods of time. Thus on the one hand the risk of flooding will...

Japan is a country which has many steep slopes along rivers. Therefore, the disasters due to landslide and mud flood have often occurred in mountainous urbanized areas. In rainy or typhoon season much rain triggers such disasters because of unusual rainfall. In these years those disasters have...

The region of West Flanders scores rather low in Flanders on a number of economic indicators, such as innovation, and a number of education-related indicators such as the intake in higher education and the participation in scientific education. In order to change this situation, initiatives were...

Historically, rural areas have been the place where most of the population lived and made its living. As a result of various economic, demographic, social and cultural changes, the second half of the 20th century was characterized by structural change in many western rural regions. Within this...

Scenario planning is a tool that can be used to project and promote innovation activities in organizations. The more disruptive the innovation is, the more beneficial effects will be expected to come out of utilizing a scenario planning process. This planning approach may be considered when...

In this paper we focus on the question of how population demography influences firm formation. In particular, we focus on this question with respect to the presence of differences between urban and rural areas, and if the demographical structure is a significant factor that can explain regional...

It has been argued that gravity models are the most popular mathematical description of human interaction (Sheppard, 1984). In relation to housing prices, gravity based accessibility measures have been suggested as a generalization of modern polycentric labour market structures (Heikkila et al....