A ban on pricing below cost was implemented under the 1987 Groceries Order based on the premise that loss leading used in multi-product retail pricing distorts competition and exploits consumers in the short run, while driving a more concentrated structure and reducing welfare in the long run....

Using brand-level retail data, the firm size distribution in carbonated soft drinks is shown to be an outcome of the degree to which firms have placed brands effectively (store coverage) across vertical (flavour, packaging, diet attributes) segments of the market. Regularity of the firm size...

In this article we examine the origins of Whitaker’s export oriented industrial policy and the political management of its implementation. Whitaker appointed academic economic advisors, including Louden Ryan, to a Capital Investment Advisory Committee in 1956. The advice from this committee...

Consumers' choice set of products within stores can be limited. Ackerberg and Rysman (2005) address this problem by modeling unobserved consumer preferences over products and retail stores, leading to augmented demand specifications. Having Carbonated Soft Drink product level data, where we...

Most post-communist economies are characterized by an initial collapse inaggregate output. Blanchard and Kremer (1997) and Roland and Verdier (1997)have recently modelled supply-side distortions — disorganization in the links of production — that can lead to a short-term output contraction...