The study concerns an assessment of the effectiveness of car purchase tax differentiation according to the CO2-emission performance of newly sold cars as implemented in Finland. This policy instrument came into force as of 1 January 2008. The effectiveness of the instrument is assessed by means...

This report discusses the pro's and con's of different types of policy instruments for climate policy in Finland in relation to a systematic selection and evaluation of these instruments given the dual objectives of effective emission reduction and lowest possible economic cost. It is stressed...

This report is the fifth in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...

This report is the third in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...

This report is a part of a series of reports from the Climate Bonus project. The report illustrates the basic structure of a system that could produce strict and reliable data needed for generating product-oriented carbon footprints in Finland. It also represents a road map for developing the...

This report gives an overview of the implications of electricity market liberalisation, with special reference to the Nordic market and Finland. The principal focus is on the functioning of the wholesale (generation) and retail (endusers) markets. Furthermore, the handling of risks and the...

This report is the first of a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and the effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...

This study deals with the matter to what extent the costs of the EU Emission Trade System (EU ETS) end up in the electricity prices. The study encompasses both a theoretical and an empirical review of electricity price formation. It includes an econometric analysis of electricity price formation...

This report discusses the economic implications of the regulatory organisation of the European Emission Trade System (EU ETS) in the member states, and more in particular the consequences of differences between national regulations. It is part of a larger study regarding juridical aspects of the...

The present report provides an overview of the development of household consumption in Finland in the 20th century. The study has been carried out in the framework of the AESOPUS study funded by the Academy of Finland. The AESOPUS study aimed to map out the stocks and flows of nitrogen and...