As a part of agricultural negotiations, the WTO members have agreed to phase out all forms of export subsidies. This study evaluates the current level and commitments of subsidised export quantities and subsidy expenditures of the EU, which is by far the largest user of export subsidies. The...

The initial cost of capital of a foreign subsidiary, financed by its parent from abroad, is dependent on repatriation taxes and this also applies to all follow-up investments financed from marginal foreign profits, representing the required return on the initial investment. Only investments...

Whilst there is a long tradition of economic analysis of charging for the use of road infrastructure, the situation relating to rail is quite different. In most cases until recently railways have been integrated organisations with the same body responsible for infrastructure and operations. Rail...

This paper surveys evaluation studies of business subsidy programs conducted in Finland and abroad. The aim is to assess the evaluation methods applied and then recommend the most appropriate ones applicable in Finland. In the paper twenty seven studies are analysed; eighteen using Finnish data...

This paper presents a review of OECD forecasts for the G7 countries for the period 1969 - 1997. The analysis deals with the magnitude, auto-correlation and eventual bias of the errors. In addition, we scrutinize the cyclical behavior of errors and try to identify the relationships between...

We model the interaction between the concentration of the banking sector and the investment strategies of imperfectly competitive firms in the product market to address the question of whether competition makes loan markets more fragile. It is shown how a merger between two duopoly banks would...

The liberalisation of agricultural trade is expected to become a key element of the agreement resulting from the WTO's Doha Round. The economic impacts of agricultural trade liberalisation are evaluated in this study using a global numerical general equilibrium model. A broad policy package...

The paper presents a discussion how firms rationally adjust the level of their recruitment effort in relation to the ease of filling the vacancy through public unemployment offices. This induces dependence between the durations in the two channels of recruitment. Multivariate models with random...