Tax neutrality of financial and dividend policies of the multinational with multinational ownership are studied using the trapped equity approach whereby all dividend taxes in the repatriation and onward distribution stage capitalize in the market value of foreign profits. The practice of...

The study analyses the incentives for multinationals caused by linking different national tax systems. The dividend tax capitalization hypothesis is extended to include taxes during the repatriation and onward distribution (as equalization tax) to derive the relevant cost of capital formulae for...

Classical corporation tax entails double taxation of corporate income. The alternative practice to impute corporation tax to the domestic recipients of dividends is shown in the case of a company with international owners, effectively to convert the imputation system back to a classical...

The problem of debt bias can be tackled through either disincentivizing the use of debt financing or incentivizing the use of equity financing. Considering the South African context - in which many firms are highly leveraged and the marginal effective tax rates for using debt financing are...