Should international institutions promote international regulatory harmonisation? This paper will present arguments, looking at the UN Convention Against Corruption, noting that international institution regulation may play less of a harmonising role that it ostensibly appears to. Section I...

We study a dynamic model with positive gross flows between employment and unemployment. There is moral hazard associated with search effort and job-retention effort. A quantitative comparison of the unemployment insurance system currently in place in the United States with an optimal system...

All modern economies have a "chartalist" or "state" money, as acknowledged by Friedrich Knapp and J.M. Keynes. In this paper, I examine the "history" of money to shed light on its origins. I also examine in detail the views of those who accepted the chartalist, or state, approach to money, from...

Continuous federal budget deficits and a rising public debt have been presented in terms that have produced mounting dissatisfaction with government. One solution offered to deal with this discontent has been a constitutional amendment to balance the federal budget. In a working paper, Charles...

Hyman Minsky's work represents one of the most important links between Post Keynesians and Institutionalists. We begin, in this essay, with a brief summary of some of his earlier work, including his well-known "financial instability hypothesis" and his policy proposals that were designed to...

A growing body of literature has arisen analyzing compensation levels of Japanese CEOs. In this paper, Kato first looks at what compensation levels during the 1980s to examine the differences between Japanese executives whose firms are members of corporate groups (those linked by their...

Maintaining sustainable fiscal policy has been increasingly important in the scope of economists and the policy makers as the key requirement of macroeconomic stability and sustainability of an economy. Without exception, the issue of fiscal sustainability also being in the spotlight for the...

In growth and development policy investment ratio is an important policy instrument. However, there is no well defined framework to determine what should be the investment ratio for a given growth target. This paper explains the potential of Solow (1956) and Solow (1957) to explain the...

Using UK data over the 1973q1-2004q1 period, we find that the dynamics of the real exchange rate, real wages and unemployment vary both with large versus small real exchange rate disequilibria and rising versus falling unemployment regimes. The short-run real exchange rate adjusts only when...

Malawi has been implementing structural adjustment reforms since 1981 in search of a way to revive its declining economic growth triggered by the oil shocks and general world economic recession of the mid and late 1970’s. These structural reforms were meant to liberalise the economy, broaden...