Private services account for over a half of GDP in developed industrialised countries. We analyse how productivity in private services is measured, the challenges and problems that the measuring faces, and the direction that research is currently taking. After this we analyse the level of and...

In Finnish manufacturing, the gender wage gap more than doubles during the first ten years in the labor market. This paper studies the factors contributing to the gender gap in early-career wage growth. The analysis shows that the size of the gender gap in wage growth varies with mobility status...

We analyse the implications of free trade between the EU25 and Russia using GTAP, a computable general equilibrium model. We review the sectoral effects by countries and make a tentative assessment of the impact on the regions in Northwest Russia. Free trade on its own would have a negative...

This paper provides a brief overview of the Finnish wage bargaining system and its evolution over the past decades into its current mode by drawing on existing documents, reports and analyses. The emphasis is on the changes having occurred in the systems over-all structure as well as in its main...

This study develops a model which can be used to evaluate the producer price effects and regional consumer price effects of alternative methods of financing social security, i.e. employers social security contributions and value added taxes. In the model system producer prices are determined by...