Finnish and Russian energy clusters widely use resources and competences of each other. They can be considered as a good example of broader phenomenon which is internationalisation of clusters. Though these clusters are on very different development stages their internationalisation ambitions,...

This study does not find any significant direct relationship between the public R&D funding and the firms` innovation output. The firms obtaining the public R&D support were not performing significantly better, on average, than others. However, we find evidence that the public R&D finance has...

Finnish university technology transfer is currently caught in the turbulences of major changes in the national innovation system. Three virtually simultaneous changes are of special importance. The first is the massive on-going renewal of the Universities Act governing the Finnish higher...

We study the welfare effects of earnings testing flat-rate old-age benefits in a quantitative overlapping generations model with idiosyncratic labor income risk. In our model economy, even a moderate earnings testing reduces individualsŽ expected lifetime utility. Moreover, it also lowers the...