This paper examines the knowhow in strategic business areas that venture capital companies and organizations impart to their portfolio firms in early-stage high-tech enterprises and the mechanisms they use to impart this knowledge. The paper considers three types of investors, independent,...

Science and technology (S&T) are considered to be a central source, or at least a basic medium, of societal and industrial innovation, while innovation is conceived to basically feed the regeneration of our welfare. The suppliers of S&T in Europe as well as the users of their „products“, are...

We welcome the basic ambition of the broad-based innovation policy. It provides a balance between the supply and demand sides of innovative activity, includes nontechnical innovations, as well as – besides direct economic impact – emphasizes wider societal considerations. Conceptually the...

Citations have been increasingly used in research evaluation in recent years. This paper assesses citations as a measure of performance by comparing them with peer judgment. It considers the differences of these two methods, and pays attention to some factors other than quality which potentially...

This article explores the newly founded European Research Council's (ERC) peer review system and its ability to sustain its mission to promote excellent, groundbreaking research. The article explores the extent to which the selection of groundbreaking research is constrained by inherent...

This paper conceptualises networks of excellence (NoEs), a new funding instrument in the EU's Sixth Framework Programme for research, to propose how to monitor and assess the achievement of their objectives. It analyses the dynamics of NoEs and potential changes taking place in an NoE during its...