higher expected warranty servicing costs. Warranty costs are reduced by improvements in product reliability. Learning effects …

technologies. Our special focus is on how to assess the investment costs and their fluctuations depending on investment risks while …

Costs of equity for individual firms are estimated in a Bayesian analysis framework using several factor-based pricing … models. Substantial prior uncertainty about mispricing often produces an estimated cost of equity close to that obtained with …. Uncertainty about which pricing model to use is less important, on average, than within-model parameter uncertainty. …