middle managers receive high job autonomy but was attenuated in business units with a strong performance management context …

This is the third paper of a series of our studies in search of the wellspring of the Japanese management. We examine a … Japanese management. Ishida Baigan (1685-1744) set up Shingaku, a kind of Japanese business philosophy or practical business … Issou. In particular, we may say it is almost impossible to find research documents on his management philosophy besides the …

This paper is the second of our research series of the wellspring of the Japanese management. We focus on Teshima Toan … (1718-1786), a Japanese moral educator in the 18th century and examine his moral philosophy from a management standpoint … idea in management philosophy besides the one by Yasukazu Takenaka. Thus, this paper discusses his two books; "Waga Tsue …

, managerial skills development programs have positive returns on management practices, firm productivity, profits, and survival …

Japanese management has its origin in the spirit of Ji-hi, such as the virtue of compassion of the Buddha …