Résumé : Cet article s’intéresse aux conséquences du brevet d’invention dans la science. Une enquête par questionnaire menée auprès de 280 inventeurs académiques français conduit à de nouveaux résultats concernant l’impact du brevet sur la diffusion des connaissances...

Les investissements en R&D des entreprises sont sources d’externalités positives, justifiant ainsi les politiques d’innovation basées sur un mélange de subventions à la recherche et de propriété intellectuelle. Ces deux instruments correspondent à une manière d’encourager les...

Avec l’adoption du brevet unitaire européen qui pourrait entrer en vigueur dès le 1er janvier 2014, un nouveau régime de brevet se met en place en Europe. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter les enjeux économiques liés au brevet unitaire européen. Nous insistons aussi bien sur...

when envisaged as providing an upstream open knowledge platform into which firms can tap in order to develop downstream applications. We conclude by presenting two examples that fit our definition of open source innovation: the case of open source biology (Hope, 2008) and the case of creative...

Beyond their function of protecting and rewarding innovation, patents are increasingly used as mediation instruments and as vehicles for interactions. Focusing on the development of new, genetically engineered vaccines, we show that they are central components of the production of innovation. A...

In France patents go to the first to file the patent application and not to the first to invent. Yet, this system is combined with a rule of prior user right that grants to first inventors the right to continue to use and commercialise their invention although it has been patented by another...

This paper reviews current literature on open knowledge disclosure strategies used by firms. It is usually acknowledged that for an innovative firm that does not benefit from a natural protection (such as lead time advance) the best strategy is to keep an innovation secret as long as possible or...

This paper proposes a unified conceptual framework to analyze the multiple role and consequences of patents in the case of biotechnology research tools. We argue that the knowledge/information and independent/complementary nature of research tools define heterogeneous frameworks in which the...