Differential item functioning (DIF) can lead to an unfair advantage or disadvantage for certain subgroups in educational and psychological testing. Therefore, a variety of statistical methods has been suggested for detecting DIF in the Rasch model. Most of these methods are designed for the...

For analyzing item response data, item response theory (IRT) models treat the discrete responses to the items as driven by underlying continuous latent traits, and consider the form of conditional probability of the response to each item given the latent traits. In a similar fashion, log-linear...

In this paper, optimal designs will be derived for estimating the ability parameters of the Rasch model when difficulty parameters are known. It is well established that a design is locally D-optimal if the ability and difficulty coincide. But locally optimal designs require that the ability...

The most probable distribution method is applied to derive the logistic model as the distribution accounting for the maximum number of possible outcomes in a dichotomous test while introducing latent traits and item characteristics as constraints to the system. The item response theory logistic...

In measuring latent variables, marketing research currently defines measurement as the assignment of numerals to objects. On this basis, marketing researchers utilize a multitude of avenues to measurement. However, the scientific concept of measurement requires the discovery of a specific...