The object of this article is to show the interactions between fiscal and monetary politics in a harmonization prospect within an economic integration. It tackles the cooperative and competitive behaviors of governments when setting an harmonization process. Whether the residence or the source...

The process of deregulation in network industries, in particular in the electric sector, raises the problem of Þnancing the Universal Service Obligations (USO) corresponding to the production, transport and distribution operations. In this paper, we study three ways of funding for an USO of...

According to empirical evidence, technological spillovers are spatially bounded. This is one of the main reasons why firms are induced to locate in close prox-imity despite tough competition. This paper is an attempt to endogenize such spillovers. For that purpose, we try to explain why spatial...

L’objectif de notre analyse est de déterminer quels sont les facteurs qui influencent le portefeuille d’approvisionnement d’un entrant sur le marché gazier européen. L’augmentation de la dépendance des importateurs européens, la sécurité des approvisionnements et la...

Toute politique, quel que soit son domaine d’application, affiche des objectifs, plus ou moins explicites. La clarté n’est pas toujours de mise en la matière. En effet, peuvent être perçus des non-dits, les responsables politiques ne voulant pas heurter de front des groupes de pression...