This paper identifies a strong tendency for Canadian private equity investors to finance entrepreneurs that reside in the same province. For all types of investors and entrepreneurial firms, in terms of the number of investments (13,729 transactions), 84.42% of investments were intra-provincial....

Prior research has argued that convertible preferred equity is the optimal form of venture capital finance, based on datasets with up to 213 observations from the U.S., where unique tax biases exist in favour of convertible preferred. This paper introduces a comparable sample of 3083 Canadian...

This paper examines the relationship between accounting discretion and investment opportunity sets (IOSs) of regulated banks in the presence of accounting-based regulatory contracts. Specifically, the proposition that accounting discretion allows a bank to avoid constraints on its IOS resulting...

Agency theory shows that payout constraints can play an important role in debt contracting and mitigating debt-related incentive problems. In this paper, we compare how, empirically, corporations in the UK, the USA and Germany are restricted in their ability to pay dividends (and other forms of...

Do you believe that bank shareholder equity provides an indefinitely lasting source of funding which covers for (residual) risk and loss-absorption? Our innovative approach clarifies and disentangles actual shareholder contribution to bank equity. This case study applies it to Deutsche Bank, a...

We show a dark-side view of internal capital markets in which one segment exploits the funding advantage of another profitable segment to relax its financial constraints. Results demonstrate that bank holding companies (BHCs) shield their nonbank segments, and not their bank segments, from...

This paper analyses the effects associated with using the magnitude of realised loan losses as a basis for performance measurement and compensation to credit risk team in banks. Paying and rewarding credit risk professionals on the basis of reporting fewer provisions or lower loan losses...

This paper reexamines whether investors value payout and why. I study abnormal stock returns around regulatory enforcement actions that restrict bank dividends and repurchases. Market reactions are significantly worse for enforced banks that pay out than for those that do not. Withstanding...

We provide an extensive analysis of the payout policy of U.S. banks during the crisis to examine potential risk-shifting and signaling motives of banks. We estimate an empirical model of bank payouts to assess the extent to which changes in payouts are commensurate with worsening fundamentals....

This paper provides evidence of ratings shopping in the corporate bond market. By estimating systematic differences in agencies' biases about any given firm's bonds, I show that new bonds are more likely to be rated by agencies that are positively biased towards the firm---a pattern that is...