Gender earnings differentials in urban China by region and their changes during the first decade of economic reform are examined. It is found that the female-male earnings ratio increased during the early stage of reform. The male earnings premium, overall, showed an increasing trend in the...

The authors use household survey data for 18 Latin American countries to assess earnings differentials by level of education, and to assess how these differentials changed in the 1980s. Introducing the cost of education allows them to estimate private and social rates of return on investments on...

The social science research performance of Chinese universities is examined using panel data. The universities are found to be very inefficient in general, with not much difference between regions. By far the largest single cause of universities' overall technical efficiency is pure technical...

Analyzing cross-sectional data from the National Medical Expenditure Survey (NMES), we find that the predicted probability of private insurance coverage for low-income individuals as a group fell dramatically from 1977 to 1987. The results of a decompositional technique show that the...

Utilizing data from 84 key Chinese higher education institutions, the present study attempts to examine the effectiveness of the Education Reform implemented in the mid-1980s in China. With focus on the research performance of the institutions, individual institution efficiency is computed by...

While low efficiency is constantly found in enterprises in China, not much is known about its underlying reasons. The present study attempts to fill this gap with particular attention devoted to the effect of training provision on enterprise efficiency. Our results show that there is a positive...