-interest rate environment, which fundamentally changed the business environment for the Japanese commercial banks. On the income … side, with interest margins becoming increasingly depressed, net interest revenues declined, which forced the banks to … expand revenues from fees and commissions. The banks had to cut costs by reducing the number of employees, closing branches …

-based interest rates set by the central bank. Liquidity costs of banks increase with the emission intensity of their asset portfolio …, leading banks to favor low-carbon assets and to improve the financing conditions for clean sectors. We show that such a …

We provide new evidence on the bank lending channel of monetary policy using bank-level data of 440 banks from eleven … CEE transition economies between 1998 and 2012. Our findings are: i) banks adjust their loans to changes in host country …’s monetary policy, ii) foreign-owned banks are less responsive to monetary policy of a host country than domestic-owned banks in …

As the euro area has a predominantly bank-based financial system, changes in the composition and strength of banks … developments in banks’ balance sheets, profitability and risk-bearing capacity and analyses their relevance for monetary policy. We …