on banks’ internal ratings on loans to businesses over the period 1997 to 2011 from the Federal Reserve’s survey of terms … of business lending. We find that ex-ante risk taking by banks (measured by the risk rating of new loans) is negatively … with the nationwide business cycle, and less pronounced for banks with relatively low capital or during periods of …

important aspects closely related to NCM: the absence of banks and monetary aggregates from this theoretical framework, and the …

. As assets and borrowing shifted from banks to pension funds and other institutional investors, the market-based systems … that replaced bank-based systems became more procyclical and more vulnerable to systemic risk. In addition, banks’ receding … share of financial assets undermined their role in channeling monetary policy initiatives and thus eroded central banks …

-interest rate environment, which fundamentally changed the business environment for the Japanese commercial banks. On the income … side, with interest margins becoming increasingly depressed, net interest revenues declined, which forced the banks to … expand revenues from fees and commissions. The banks had to cut costs by reducing the number of employees, closing branches …

How a historic drop in bank deposits shapes banks' loan supply? We exploit the effects of a large, and unexpected … includes all bank-firm lending relationships in all euro area countries. We find that banks experiencing large deposit outflows … is stronger for fixed rate and longer maturity loans, but not for riskier borrowers. The effect is mostly driven by banks …

Liquidity ratio, interest rates and M2 implementation to aid deposit money banks operations in the achievement of their profit …