of the bilateral tariffs and non-tariff barriers put in place by the previous administration. Moreover, incentives to … than a vice versa. Indeed, our model indicates that the supply-side reconfiguration to avoid US tariffs accounted for more …

This paper shows that governments have no incentive to introduce non-tariff barriers when they are free to set tariffs … but they do when tariffs are determined cooperatively. We then show three results. First, with trade liberalization, there … is a progression from u sing tariffs only to quotas, and to antidumping constraints (when quotas are jointly eliminated …

Spain concerning import tariffs on Cuban and Puerto Rican sugar. The debate is reconstructed and related carefully both to …

trade policy - particularly the tariffs placed on imports from China - on importers, consumers, and exporters. We start by … documenting that the tariffs were almost fully passed through to the total prices paid by importers, suggesting that the tariffs … from several large multinational retailers, we demonstrate that the impact of the tariffs on retail prices is more mixed …