The immediate health cost of violent armed conflict is in the form of deaths and injuries of the combatants as well as … Pakistan's internal conflict and Pakistan-India conflict on the health of people in Pakistan is analyzed during 1972 …-2004. Pakistan's internal conflict and the conflict with India during 1972-2004 are minor violent and non-violent/latent conflicts …

-group conflict, i.e., the paradox of the plenty. We also consider the potential role of governance in avoiding this paradox. In the …-stage conflict. In the next stage, each group member allocates his private endowment between working or fighting for a share of the … resource size is higher. Group conflict (income) decreases (increases) only when leaders chose the strongest resource …

We investigate situations in which players make costly contributions as group members in a group conflict, and at the … asymmetry and complementarity in members'efforts, and analyze how each group's internal conflict in-fluences its chance of … winning in the external conflict. We find that a more symmetric group may expend more effort in external conflict when the …

nations, as in a strategic game of international conflict handing over military spending decisions to citizens who face a …