This paper discusses ways to reduce the bias of consistent estimators that are biased in finite samples. It is necessary that the bias function, which relates parameter values to bias, should be estimable by computer simulation or by some other method. If so, bias can be reduced or, in some...

In this paper, the author shall demonstrate that when all demands and supply schedules are either linear or are points or scalars, then the generalized transportation problem and its dual can be expressed as a primal-dual quadratic program, this latter program being due to Dorn (1960) and...

This paper presents a new theory of gender discrimination in competitive labour markets which does not rely on any inherent gender asymmetries. Women and men are organized into households with each having identical household specific human capital. When labour market characteristics (effort,...

The social or economic discount rate is the threshold rate used to calculate the net present value of an investment project, a program, or a regulatory intervention to see whether the proposed expenditures are economically worthwhile to undertake. The size of the economic rate of discount has...

In 1952, Samuelson (1952) showed how the problem of determining the flows of a commodity moving between spatially separated points in an equilibrium when transportation costs were positive could be treated as an extremum problem. Samuelson's approach was to maximize gross economic rent net of...

Recognition of conflicts of interest between French Canadians in Quebec and English Canadians in the rest of Canada is a necessary first step in the evaluation of proposals from Quebec for the refrom of the Canadian constitution, as well as for the design of institutions for an entirely...

This paper examines the effects of a minimum wage on real income and the composition of the economy's labour force, and studies various policy measures to deal with unemployment problems. It is possible to reduce unemployment by subsidizing education and health services. Policies to restore the...

In this paper a nonparametric variance ratio testing approach is proposed for determining the cointegration rank in fractionally integrated systems. The test statistic is easily calculated without prior knowledge of the integration order of the data, the strength of the cointegrating relations,...

The paper discusses the principal labour market distortions and their effects on the social cost of jobs created in industrial projects. Two alternative approaches – a partial and a general equilibrium analysis - have been put forth in a systematic way to estimate the social cost of job...