intermediate outcomes such as mothers’ subsequent earnƯings, child health, parental fertility, divorce rates, or the mothers …-educated mothers, a result that is robust to a number of different specifications. We find no corresponding heterogeneity relative to …’ mental health. Overall the results suggest positive causal interaction effects between mothers’ education and the amount of …

child care on maternal employment, despite a strong correlation. Instead of increasing mothers' labor supply, the new … subsidies. -- universal child care ; female labor force participation …

child care on maternal employment, despite a strong correlation. Instead of increasing mothers' labor supply, the new … subsidies. -- Universal child care ; female labor force participation …

, seems to significantly deteriorate outcomes for boys whose mothers have a lower level of education. Finally, increasing …

As mothers have increased their paid work efforts, conflicts between employment and family responsibilities have grown …. This evolution has led researchers to explore more fully the role that caregiving responsibilities play in mothers' time … model that produces explicit estimates of wage and child care price elasticities. Our results show that mothers' time with …

intermediate outcomes such as mothers' subsequent earnings, child health, parental fertility, divorce rates, or the mothers' mental …-educated mothers, a result that is robust to a number of different specifications. We find no corresponding heterogeneity relative to … health. Overall the results suggest positive causal interaction effects between mothers' education and the amount of time …

particular, subsidized mothers report lower levels of overall health and are more likely to show symptoms consistent with anxiety …, depression, and parenting stress. Such mothers also reveal more psychological and physical aggression toward their children and … policies aimed at economically disadvantaged mothers may ultimately undermine family well-being. -- child care ; subsidy …

maternity leave in Norway in July 1977. Mothers giving birth before this date were eligible only for 12 weeks of unpaid leave … mothers with low education we find a 5.2 percentage points decline in high school dropout and an 8% increase in wages at age … 30. The effect is especially large for children of those mothers who, prior to the reform, would take very low levels of …

school dropout. For mothers with low education we find a 5.2 percentage points decline. The effect is also especially large … for children of mothers who, prior to the reform, would take very low levels of unpaid leave. -- adult outcomes ; time …

This paper discusses several approaches to examining the relationship between child care and mothers' labor supply. The … focus is on child care for children aged 0-3, because this is a critical period for working mothers and their children and …