Most studies in organization theory are retrospective and rely on historical data. Because more data are available about widely diffused practices or about large populations, studies typically focus on these. Using simulation, we demonstrate that such selective sampling of empirical settings has...

Social science often focuses on organizations, institutions, and phenomena that have become socially or economically important. This can create a population selection bias. Even if one samples all relevant organizations, and not only successful ones, one may selectively sample populations of...

Performance sampling models of duration dependence in employee turnover and firm exit predict that hazard rates will initially be low, gradually rise to a maximum, and then fall. Some empirical duration distributions have bimodal hazard rates, however. In this paper, we present a generalization...