Der Beitrag gibt einen bewertenden Überblick über die mögliche Weiterentwicklung des europäischen Handelssystems für Emissionsrechte. Dazu wird zunächst der allgemeine Rahmen dargestellt, in den das europäische System eingebettet ist, wobei denkbare Szenarien für das internationale...

Abstract The European carbon emissions trading system has become operative on January 1 st , 2005. By its decision to implement the world′s largest system for tradable emissions permits the EU started an impressive experiment. While emissions trading systems already exist elsewhere (cf....

Abstract In this paper we examine different forms of a 4th hurdle for the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals, i.e. an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals. This instrument is aimed to organize the decision on the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals more efficiently than it...