Despite the belief that single-cropping padi farmers constitute one of the very poorest groups in Peninsular Malaysia, little is known in detail about the level and sources of income of this group, or about the determinants of this income. Such knowledge is of considerable practical importance,...

The tax reforms that took place in Latin America in the 1980’s were designed primarily to enhance revenue collections and provide more stability in the revenue systems. This generally involved placing a greater reliance on value added type taxes, a rationalization and reduction in the number...

HID has been active in the area of tax reform for the past twenty years. This work began in 1975, with a study of mineral taxation in Bolivia and has continued through projects in a wide range of countries including: Indonesia ( mining taxation, 1976-1997, comprehensive tax reform, 1981-1986,...

This paper examines the public sector finances of four Central American Countries in terms of revenues, expenditures and deficits for the period of 1980 to 1986. The large central government deficits are a reflection of the steady growth of current expenditures, including rising public sector...

The purpose of this paper is to identify and measure the effects of inflation on corporation income taxes and on the net cash flows of business. Five ways in which inflation alters corporate taxable income are identified. The paper begins by showing how the use of historical costs rather than...

The main body of theory concerned with the gains and losses incurred because of international investment has been carried out in the context of a two factor-two country-good model in which labour is immobile internationally while some of the capital goods of the home country are invested abroad....

The focus of this paper is on the trade and industrial adjustment in the television sector of the consumer electronics industry in the North American economy. This is the sector of the industry that has received the greatest amount of protection from imports of foreign-produced goods. Both...

In this chapter a method for evaluation of social benefits or costs external to mining operations is outlined. Two alternative cases are considered. First, the problem of evaluating community infrastructure is discussed in the context of a mine to be developed in a relatively remote area where,...

In 1989 the government of Sri Lanka appointed a commission to undertake a comprehensive analysis of its tax system. The commission completed its work in 1990 and published its findings in the Report of The Taxation Commission, 1990, Sessional paper No. 1- June 1991. This report is a...

In developed countries pension funds are an integral part of the private capital market. The portfolios of assets represent a large fraction of the total debt and equity of private sector enterprises. The development of a set of private pension plans in Hungary and funding now for the past...