This article summarizes findings from the research paper entitled: The Instability of Family Earnings and Family Income … focus on individuals is important, the extent to which families can generate stable income flows from the labour market is a … instability based on family earnings, family market income, and family income before and after tax. This allows us to examine the …

During the 1980s and 1990s, immigration was associated with the rise in low-income rates and family-income inequality … focuses on the direct effect of immigration on the change in low income and family-income inequality over the 1995-to-2010 … period. The paper outlines recent trends in low-income rates and income inequality for both the Canadian-born and immigrants …

This paper describes per capita employment income disparities across provinces and across the urban-rural continuum …, from larger to small cities and between cities and rural areas. Its first objective is to compare the degree of income … disparities across provinces to income disparities across the urban-rural continuum. Its second objective is to determine the …