This paper provides an overview of the corruption case and the connected cartels that affected one of the biggest Brazilian state-owned companies, Petrobras, and the highly controversial 'Operation Car Wash'. We focus on the behavior of cartel members and study the size of the contracts affected...

Discriminatory programs that favor local and small firms in government procurement are common in many countries. This paper studies the long-run impact of procurement discrimination on market structure and future competition in industries where learning-by-doing makes incumbent firms more...

Discriminatory programs that favor local and small firms in government procurement are common in many countries. This paper studies the long-run impact of procurement discrimination on market structure and future competition in industries where learning-by-doing makes incumbent firms more...

We study the causes and consequences of patronage in Brazilian cities since the country's re-democratization. We test key mechanisms – fiscal rules, accountability, political ideology, and rent-seeking – and estimate the consequences of patronage for public finances. Our data consist of the...

This paper exploits a large-size auction experiment conducted by two Chinese Government Treasury security issuers---the Chinese Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank---to investigate whether Treasury securities should be sold through uniform or discriminatory auction mechanisms. Based on...