In the context of the Chinese market, foreign cross-border venture capitalists have devised specific strategies to mitigate the challenges associated with the liabilities of foreignness, such as risks and information asymmetry. They have strategically leveraged social capital to not only...

We studied various fund investing options in the circular economy sector. We found that most circular economy mutual funds and exchange-traded funds charge higher fees and take higher risks than their benchmarks. However, they appear to have underperformed their benchmarks during their short...

The sizes, and thereby minimum investments, of venture capital funds grew phenomenally during 1995‐2000. Simultaneously, business started to transform from capital to knowledge intensive and a new gap emerged between venture and capital. A diverse group of actors referred to herein as...

Purpose – How does venture capital (VC) emerge in emerging and developing economies? This paper aims to use case data from an early Russian VC fund to extend a previous model exploring that question. Design/methodology/approach – Case studies of VC emergence from South Africa, Botswana, and...