Caleiro, António - 2005 - First version: June 24, 2004, this version: January 17, 2005
, such as confidence, satisfaction or even expectations, by objective ones, such as unemployment, output or inflation. This … accomplished in the paper by the use of data on consumer confidence and on the unemployment rate for the pre-enlargement fifteen … European Union member states. The results indicate the clear importance of unemployment on confidence, which is a result that …