banks using a non-parametric Monte Carlo re-sampling method following Carey [1998]. Our results are based on a panel data … set containing both loan and internal rating data from the banks’ complete business loan portfolios over the period 1997 … businesses in the sample is rated by both banks, we can generate loss distributions for SME, retail and corporate credit …

by the banks. It is shown that if the supervisors have a limited ability to identify or to sanction dishonest banks, an … helps to offset the banks' potential capital savings of understating their risks by (i) reducing banks' put option value of … limited ex ante, and by (ii) increasing the banks' net worth, which in turn enhances the supervisors' ability to sanction …

banks using a non-parametric Monte Carlo re-sampling method following Carey [1998]. Our results are based on a panel data … set containing both loan and internal rating data from the banks' complete business loan portfolios over the period 1997 … businesses in the sample is rated by both banks, we can generate loss distributions for SME, retail and corporate credit …

This paper investigates the incentives for banks to bias their internally generated risk estimates. We are able to … by low-capital banks to improve regulatory ratios. At the portfolio level, the difference in borrower probability of … credits. In addition, we find that low-capital banks' risk estimates have less explanatory power than those of high …

been given a central role. Although much research has been done on external ratings, much less is known about banks … the complete business loan portfolios of two Swedish banks and a credit bureau over the period 1997-2000. We study rating … portfolio with identical counterparts, substantial differences in the implied riskiness between banks. Such differences could …