that parimutuel insurance intrinsically leads to participants being underinsured due to basis risk. Although participants … will be underinsured, parimutuel insurance guarantees no underlying risk borne by the issuer. We also derive the equivalent … transaction costs of traditional insurance relative to HuRLOs. The actual transaction cost for traditional insurance is found to …

partial insurance of parental investments against permanent income shocks, but the magnitude of the estimated responses is … small. We cannot reject the hypothesis full insurance against temporary shocks. Another interpretation of our findings is … that there is very little insurance available, but the fact that skill is a non-separable function of parental investments …