-term "normal" positive relationship between leverage and profitability is also reaffirmed. -- Return-on-equity ; Leverage ; Bank …

and explain a remarkable transition from single to multiple firm-bank relationships during the last twenty years of the … sample period. Larger, global, or transparent companies with greater needs for bank credit and specialized services are more … likely to add a bank. Deregulation and intensifying competition in the banking sector during the 1970s spurred banks to …

In this paper we analyze the effect of bank capital on lending expansion and contraction for nearly 150 years in Spain …. We fi rst build up thoroughly a measure of bank leverage (i.e. the capital to assets ratio) for the Spanish banking … sector starting in year 1880. Then, we run a proper econometric test to analyze the impact that bank capital levels have on …

In this paper, we analyze the role bank capital played in systemic banking crises and in lending expansion and … narrative identification of banking crises in Spain. Afterwards, we run a proper econometric test to analyze bank capital levels … levels of capital reduce the probability of a crisis and that increasing the bank capital before loan expansions reduces …

larger, more complex and global companies have a higher need for multiple bank relationships. Older, larger firms that are …

Does the combination of inflation and high corporate taxes explain the increase in bank leverage in the 20th century …? Inflation automatically increases bank debt, while high corporate taxes hinder capital accumulation. Capital ratios therefore … Swedish bank data 1870-2001. Bank capital ratios dropped when inflation and corporate tax rates were high, during WWI and in …

bank's initially cautious, then strongly accelerated turn toward this new field of business - especially in the form of …