In this paper, we show that intra-daily foreign exchange rate returns exhibit even stronger nonlinearities than daily or weekly returns. These nonlinearities result from the intra-daily seasonality and the presence of market participants with different time-horizons. Moreover, we present some...

In this paper, we show that the use of an alternative time scale can eliminate the inefficiencies in the estimation of a GARCH model caused by intra-daily seasonal patterns. Even so, however, the temporal aggregation properties of the GARCH model do not hold at the intra-daily frequencies,...

This paper presents stylized facts concerning the spot intra-daily foreign exchange markets. It first describes intra-daily data and proposes a set of definitions for the quantities of interest. Empirical regularities of the foreign exchange intra-daily data are then grouped under three major...

This paper presents stylized facts concerning the spot intra-daily foreign exchange markets. It first describes intra-daily data and proposes a set of definitions for the variables of interest. Empirical regularities of the foreign exchange intra-daily data are then grouped under three major...

type="main" xml:lang="en" <p>Estimates of daily volatility are investigated. Realized volatility can be computed from returns observed over time intervals of different sizes. For simple statistical reasons, volatility estimators based on high-frequency returns have been proposed, but such...</p>

A fractal approach is used to analyze financial time series, applying different degrees of time resolution, and the results are interrelated. Some fractal properties of foreign exchange (FX) data are found. In particular, the mean size of absolute values of price changes follows a...